示例

🌐 Examples

示例：在签署和验证操作中重复使用 KeyObject：

🌐 Example: Reusing a KeyObject across sign and verify operations:

import { promisify } from 'node:util';
const { generateKeyPair, sign, verify } = await import('node:crypto');

const { publicKey, privateKey } = await promisify(generateKeyPair)('ed25519');

// A KeyObject holds the parsed key in memory and can be reused
// across multiple operations without re-parsing.
const data = new TextEncoder().encode('message to sign');
const signature = sign(null, data, privateKey);
verify(null, data, publicKey, signature); 拷贝

示例：将各种格式的密钥导入 KeyObjects：

🌐 Example: Importing keys of various formats into KeyObjects:

import { promisify } from 'node:util';
const {
  createPrivateKey, createPublicKey, generateKeyPair,
} = await import('node:crypto');

const generated = await promisify(generateKeyPair)('ed25519');

// PEM
const privatePem = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'pem', type: 'pkcs8' });
const publicPem = generated.publicKey.export({ format: 'pem', type: 'spki' });
createPrivateKey(privatePem);
createPublicKey(publicPem);

// DER - requires explicit type
const privateDer = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'der', type: 'pkcs8' });
const publicDer = generated.publicKey.export({ format: 'der', type: 'spki' });
createPrivateKey({ key: privateDer, format: 'der', type: 'pkcs8' });
createPublicKey({ key: publicDer, format: 'der', type: 'spki' });

// JWK
const privateJwk = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'jwk' });
const publicJwk = generated.publicKey.export({ format: 'jwk' });
createPrivateKey({ key: privateJwk, format: 'jwk' });
createPublicKey({ key: publicJwk, format: 'jwk' });

// Raw
const rawPriv = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'raw-private' });
const rawPub = generated.publicKey.export({ format: 'raw-public' });
createPrivateKey({ key: rawPriv, format: 'raw-private', asymmetricKeyType: 'ed25519' });
createPublicKey({ key: rawPub, format: 'raw-public', asymmetricKeyType: 'ed25519' }); 拷贝

示例：直接将密钥材料传递给 crypto.sign() 和 crypto.verify()，而不先创建 KeyObject：

🌐 Example: Passing key material directly to crypto.sign() and crypto.verify() without creating a KeyObject first:

import { promisify } from 'node:util';
const { generateKeyPair, sign, verify } = await import('node:crypto');

const generated = await promisify(generateKeyPair)('ed25519');

const data = new TextEncoder().encode('message to sign');

// PEM strings
const privatePem = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'pem', type: 'pkcs8' });
const publicPem = generated.publicKey.export({ format: 'pem', type: 'spki' });
const sig1 = sign(null, data, privatePem);
verify(null, data, publicPem, sig1);

// JWK objects
const privateJwk = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'jwk' });
const publicJwk = generated.publicKey.export({ format: 'jwk' });
const sig2 = sign(null, data, { key: privateJwk, format: 'jwk' });
verify(null, data, { key: publicJwk, format: 'jwk' }, sig2);

// Raw key bytes
const rawPriv = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'raw-private' });
const rawPub = generated.publicKey.export({ format: 'raw-public' });
const sig3 = sign(null, data, {
  key: rawPriv, format: 'raw-private', asymmetricKeyType: 'ed25519',
});
verify(null, data, {
  key: rawPub, format: 'raw-public', asymmetricKeyType: 'ed25519',
}, sig3); 拷贝

示例：对于 EC 密钥，导入原始密钥时需要使用 namedCurve 选项：

🌐 Example: For EC keys, the namedCurve option is required when importing raw keys:

import { promisify } from 'node:util';
const {
  createPrivateKey, createPublicKey, generateKeyPair, sign, verify,
} = await import('node:crypto');

const generated = await promisify(generateKeyPair)('ec', {
  namedCurve: 'P-256',
});

// Export the raw EC public key (uncompressed by default).
const rawPublicKey = generated.publicKey.export({ format: 'raw-public' });

// The following is equivalent.
const rawPublicKeyUncompressed = generated.publicKey.export({
  format: 'raw-public',
  type: 'uncompressed',
});

// Export compressed point format.
const rawPublicKeyCompressed = generated.publicKey.export({
  format: 'raw-public',
  type: 'compressed',
});

// Export the raw EC private key.
const rawPrivateKey = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'raw-private' });

// Import the raw EC keys.
// Both compressed and uncompressed point formats are accepted.
const publicKey = createPublicKey({
  key: rawPublicKey,
  format: 'raw-public',
  asymmetricKeyType: 'ec',
  namedCurve: 'P-256',
});
const privateKey = createPrivateKey({
  key: rawPrivateKey,
  format: 'raw-private',
  asymmetricKeyType: 'ec',
  namedCurve: 'P-256',
});

const data = new TextEncoder().encode('message to sign');
const signature = sign('sha256', data, privateKey);
verify('sha256', data, publicKey, signature); 拷贝

示例：导出原种子并导入它们：

🌐 Example: Exporting raw seeds and importing them:

import { promisify } from 'node:util';
const {
  createPrivateKey, decapsulate, encapsulate, generateKeyPair,
} = await import('node:crypto');

const generated = await promisify(generateKeyPair)('ml-kem-768');

// Export the raw seed (64 bytes for ML-KEM).
const seed = generated.privateKey.export({ format: 'raw-seed' });

// Import the raw seed.
const privateKey = createPrivateKey({
  key: seed,
  format: 'raw-seed',
  asymmetricKeyType: 'ml-kem-768',
});

const { ciphertext } = encapsulate(generated.publicKey);
decapsulate(privateKey, ciphertext); 拷贝